1. 젠투 설치 ¶

# /etc/init.d/sshd start

# /sbin/ifconfig
(...)
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:50:BA:8F:61:7A
          inet addr:192.168.0.2  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::50:ba8f:617a/10 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:1498792 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1284980 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:1984 txqueuelen:100
          RX bytes:485691215 (463.1 Mb)  TX bytes:123951388 (118.2 Mb)
          Interrupt:11 Base address:0xe800 

(HTTP 프록시 서버의 경우)
# export http_proxy="http://proxy.gentoo.org:8080"
(FTP 프록시 서버의 경우)
# export ftp_proxy="ftp://proxy.gentoo.org:8080"
(RSYNC 프록시 서버의 경우)
# export RSYNC_PROXY="proxy.gentoo.org:8080"

http://username:password@proxy.gentoo.org:8080

# ping -c 3 www.yahoo.com

# net-setup eth0

# adsl-setup
# adsl-start

# nano -w /etc/ppp/chap-secrets

# nano -w /etc/ppp/options.pptp

# pptp <server ip>

# ls /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/net

(사용자의 랜카드가 pcnet32일경우라면,)
# modprobe pcnet32

# ifconfig eth0
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:FD:00:00:00:00  
          BROADCAST NOARP MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)

# ifconfig eth0
eth0: error fetching interface information: Device not found

• DHCP 사용은 IP를 자동으로 받는 경우에 선택합니다.
• 무선 랜 접속은 무선 랜 카드를 사용할 때 사용합니다.
• 네트웍 용어 이해는 네트워크에 대한 정보를 설명합니다.
• ifconfig와 route 사용은 수동으로 설정하는 방법을 설명합니다.
  
  

# dhcpcd eth0
어떤 네트워크 관리자는 DHCP 서버가 제공하는
호스트네임과 도메인네임을 사용하기를 요구하는 경우도 있습니다.
이 경우에 아래의 명령을 입력하세요.
# dhcpcd -HD eth0

# iwconfig eth0
eth0      IEEE 802.11-DS  ESSID:"GentooNode"                                   
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.442GHz  Access Point: 00:09:5B:11:CC:F2    
          Bit Rate:11Mb/s   Tx-Power=20 dBm   Sensitivity=0/65535               
          Retry limit:16   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off                       
          Power Management:off                                                  
          Link Quality:25/10  Signal level:-51 dBm  Noise level:-102 dBm        
          Rx invalid nwid:5901 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx          
          excessive retries:237 Invalid misc:350282 Missed beacon:84            

(This sets the network name to "GentooNode")
# iwconfig eth0 essid GentooNode

(This sets a hex WEP key)
# iwconfig eth0 key 1234123412341234abcd

(This sets an ASCII key - prefix it with "s:")
# iwconfig eth0 key s:some-password

IP Address (numbers):   192.168.0.2
IP Address (bits):      11000000 10101000 00000000 00000010
                        -------- -------- -------- --------
                           192      168       0        2

IP-address:    192      168      0         2
            11000000 10101000 00000000 00000010
Netmask:    11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000
               255      255     255        0
           +--------------------------+--------+
                    Network              Host

IP-address:    192      168      0         2
            11000000 10101000 00000000 00000010
Broadcast:  11000000 10101000 00000000 11111111
               192      168      0        255
           +--------------------------+--------+
                     Network             Host

# ifconfig eth0 ${IP_ADDR} broadcast ${BROADCAST} netmask ${NETMASK} up

# route add default gw ${GATEWAY}

# nano -w /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver ${NAMESERVER1}
nameserver ${NAMESERVER2}

• You can choose the best performing filesystem for each partition or volume
• Your entire system cannot run out of free space if one defunct tool is continuously writing files to a partition or volume
• If necessary, file system checks are reduced in time, as multiple checks can be done in parallel (although this advantage is more with multiple disks than it is with multiple partitions)
• Security can be enhanced by mounting some partitions or volumes read-only, nosuid (setuid bits are ignored), noexec (executable bits are ignored) etc.
  
  

• Default: Using a Stage from the Internet
• Alternative: Using a Stage from the Installation CD
  
  

• Caching service dependencies...

• The first field shows the partition described (the path to the device file)
• The second field shows the mountpoint at which the partition should be mounted
• The third field shows the filesystem used by the partition
• The fourth field shows the mountoptions used by mount when it wants to mount the partition. As every filesystem has its own mountoptions, you are encouraged to read the mount man page (man mount) for a full listing. Multiple mountoptions are comma-separated.
• The fifth field is used by dump to determine if the partition needs to be dumped or not. You can generally leave this as 0 (zero).
• The sixth field is used by fsck to determine the order in which filesystems should be checked if the system wasn't shut down properly. The root filesystem should have 1 while the rest should have 2 (or 0 if a filesystem check isn't necessary).
  
  

• The first grub.conf is for people who have not used genkernel to build their kernel
• The second grub.conf is for people who have used genkernel to build their kernel
  
  

• One for those who have not used genkernel to build their kernel
• One for those who have used genkernel to build their kernel
  
  

• ~arch keyword means that the application is not tested sufficiently to be put in the stable branch. Wait a few days or weeks and try again.
• -arch keyword or -* keyword means that the application does not work on your architecture. If you believe the package does work file a bug at our bugzilla website.
• missing keyword means that the application has not been tested on your architecture yet. Ask the architecture porting team to test the package or test it for them and report your findings on our bugzilla website.
• package.mask means that the package has been found corrupt, unstable or worse and has been deliberately marked as do-not-use.
• profile means that the package has been found not suitable for your profile. The application might break your system if you installed it or is just not compatible with the profile you use.
  
  

• A global USE-flag is used by several packages, system-wide. This is what most people see as USE-flags.
• A local USE-flag is used by a single package to make package-specific decisions.
  
  

1. Default USE setting declared in the make.defaults files part of your profile
2. Inherited USE setting if a package from profile use.defaults is installed
3. User-defined USE setting in /etc/make.conf
4. User-defined USE setting in /etc/portage/package.use
5. User-defined USE setting as environment variable
   
   

• requires the (virtual) net dependency (which is provided by, for instance, /etc/init.d/net.eth0)
• uses the (virtual) logger dependency (which is provided by, for instance, /etc/init.d/syslog-ng)
• uses the (virtual) dns dependency (which is provided by, for instance, /etc/init.d/named)
• provides the (virtual) mta dependency (which is common for all mail servers)
  
  

• /etc/conf.d/<your init script>
• /etc/conf.d/basic
• /etc/rc.conf
  
  

• package.mask which lists the packages you never want Portage to install
• package.unmask which lists the packages you want to be able to install even though the Gentoo developers highly discourage you from emerging them
• package.keywords which lists the packages you want to be able to install even though the package hasn't been found suitable for your system or architecture (yet)
• package.use which lists the USE flags you want to use for certain packages without having the entire system use those USE flags
  
  

• CFLAGS & CXXFLAGS define the desired compiler flags for C and C++ compiling.
• CHOST defines the build host information for the application's configure script
• MAKEOPTS is passed to the make command and is usually set to define the amount of parallelism used during the compilation. More information about the make options can be found in the make man page.
  
  

• GENTOO_MIRRORS defines a list of server locations which contain source code (distfiles)
• PORTAGE_BINHOST defines a particular server location containing prebuilt packages for your system
  
  

• SYNC defines a particular server which Portage uses to fetch the Portage tree from
  
  

• RSYNC_EXCLUDEFROM points to a file listing the packages and/or categories rsync should ignore during the update process
• RSYNC_RETRIES defines how many times rsync should try connecting to the mirror pointed to by the SYNC variable before bailing out. This variable defaults to 3.
• RSYNC_TIMEOUT defines the number of seconds an rsync connection can idle before rsync sees the connection as timed-out. This variable defaults to 180 but dialup users or individuals with slow computers might want to set this to 300 or higher.
  
  

sys-kernel/gentoo-sources-2.6.8.1

• Automatically merge configuration file updates that only contain updates to comments
• Automatically merge configuration files which only differ in the amount of whitespace
  
  

our recorded digest: db20421ce35e8e54346e3ef19e60e4ee your file's digest: f10392b7c0b2bbc463ad09642606a7d6

• Execute the pkg_preinst() function if specified
• Copy over all files to the live filesystem
• Register the files in the Portage backend
• Execute the pkg_postinst() function if specified
  
  

• The package functionality is a lot like the merge functionality, executing all necessary steps (fetch, unpack, compile, install) before creating the package
• The rpm functionality builds an RPM package from the files created after having run ebuild's install functionality
  
  

• release - releases the IP address for re-use
• nodns - don't overwrite /etc/resolv.conf
• nontp - don't overwrite /etc/ntp.conf
• nonis - don't overwrite /etc/yp.conf