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Linuxdoc Sgml/Software-RAID5-Failure-Test

Software RAID5 Failure Test

Software RAID5 Failure Test

Çѽ¼ö, Seungsu Han netkevin_AT_hanmail.net

v1.1, 2004-12-30
Software RAID5¿¡¼­ °íÀÇ·Î ±¸¼º µð½ºÅ©¸¦ °íÀå³»°í º¹±¸ÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤À» ´ãÀº ¹®¼­ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

1. ¼­¹®

ÀÌ ¹®¼­´Â ³× °³ÀÇ SCSIµð½ºÅ©·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ Software RAID5 ÀåÄ¡¿¡¼­ °íÀÇ·Î µð½ºÅ© Àå¾Ö¸¦ ¹ß»ý½ÃÅ°°í On-line»óÅ¿¡¼­ HotSwapÇÏ´Â ÀÛ¾÷¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼³¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Software RAIDÀÇ ¼³Á¤ ¹× »ç¿ë¿¡ °üÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº Software RAID HOWTO¸¦ Âü°íÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.

1.1 ¹®¼­ÀÇ ¿øº»

ÀÌ ¹®¼­ÀÇ ¿øº»À̳ª ÃÖ½ÅÆÇÀº ¿©±â¿¡¼­ ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

1.2 Ã¥ÀÓÀÇ ÇÑ°è

º» ¹®¼­ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ÀϾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾î¶°ÇÑ ÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­µµ ÀúÀÚ ¹× ÇØ´ç ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î °³¹ßÀڴ åÀÓÀ» ÁöÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.

º» ¹®¼­ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» ½ÇÇàÇϱâ Àü¿¡ ±ÍÇÏÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ ¹é¾÷ÇϽǰÍÀ» ±ÇÀåÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

2. ½ÇÇè¿¡ »ç¿ëµÉ RAID½Ã½ºÅÛ

2.1 ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ÀÎ½ÄµÈ RAIDÀÇ ¸ð½À

dmesgÁß RAID°ü·Ã ºÎºÐÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

md: md driver 0.90.0 MAX_MD_DEVS=256, MD_SB_DISKS=27
md: raidstart(pid 493) used deprecated START_ARRAY ioctl. This will not be supported beyond 2.6
md: autorun ...
md: considering sde ...
md:  adding sde ...
md:  adding sdd ...
md:  adding sdc ...
md:  adding sdb ...
md: created md0
md: bind<sdb>
md: bind<sdc>
md: bind<sdd>
md: bind<sde>
md: running: <sde><sdd><sdc><sdb>
raid5: automatically using best checksumming function: pIII_sse
   pIII_sse  :  2044.000 MB/sec
raid5: using function: pIII_sse (2044.000 MB/sec)
md: raid5 personality registered as nr 4
raid5: device sdd operational as raid disk 2
raid5: device sdc operational as raid disk 1
raid5: device sdb operational as raid disk 0
raid5: allocated 3161kB for md0
raid5: raid level 5 set md0 active with 3 out of 3 devices, algorithm 2
RAID5 conf printout:
 --- rd:3 wd:3 fd:0
 disk 0, o:1, dev:sdb
 disk 1, o:1, dev:sdc
 disk 2, o:1, dev:sdd
md: ... autorun DONE.

2.2 /etc/raidtab ÀÇ ±¸¼º³»¿ë

RAID ÀåÄ¡ÀÇ ¼³Á¤ ³»¿ëÀ» ´ã°í ÀÖ´Â /etc/raidtab ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ³»¿ëÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

/dev/sde°¡ spare-disk·Î ¼³Á¤µÇ¾î Àֱ⶧¹®¿¡ Àå¾Ö°¡ ¹ß»ýÇϸé Áï½Ã ¹®Á¦ÀÇ µð½ºÅ©¸¦ ´ëüÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.

[root@csdove /]# more /etc/raidtab
raiddev /dev/md0
        raid-level      5
        nr-raid-disks   3
        nr-spare-disks  1
        parity-algorithm        left-symmetric
        persistent-superblock 1
        chunk-size      128
        device          /dev/sdb
        raid-disk       0
        device          /dev/sdc
        raid-disk       1
        device          /dev/sdd
        raid-disk       2
        device          /dev/sde
        spare-disk      0

2.3 /proc/mdstatÀÇ ³»¿ë

Á¤»ó ÀÛµ¿ÁßÀÎ arrayÀÇ /proc/mdstatÀÇ ³»¿ëÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

[root@csdove /]# more /proc/mdstat 
Personalities : [raid5] 
md0 : active raid5 sde[3] sdd[2] sdc[1] sdb[0]
      71687168 blocks level 5, 128k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU]
                
          unused devices: <none>

3. µð½ºÅ©ÀÇ Àå¾Ö ¹ß»ý°ú º¹±¸ °úÁ¤

3.1 µð½ºÅ©ÀÇ Àå¾Ö ¹ß»ý

arrayÀÇ ±¸¼º µð½ºÅ©Áß Çϳª(sdc)¸¦ °©ÀÚ±â Å»ÂøÇß½À´Ï´Ù.

Àá±ñÀÇ ½Ã°£ÀÌ È帥µÚ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº ÀåÄ¡ÀÇ ÀÌ»óÀ» °¨ÁöÇÏ°í ¿¡·¯¸Þ¼¼Áö¸¦ Ãâ·ÂÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

SCSI error : <0 0 4 0> return code = 0x10000
end_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 71687168
md: write_disk_sb failed for device sdc 

SCSI error : <0 0 4 0> return code = 0x10000                                 
md: write_disk_sb failed for device sdc                                      
end_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 71687168                             

SCSI error : <0 0 4 0> return code = 0x10000                                 
end_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 71687168                             
md: write_disk_sb failed for device sdc                                      

SCSI error : <0 0 4 0> return code = 0x10000                                 
end_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 71687168                             
md: write_disk_sb failed for device sdc                                      

SCSI error : <0 0 4 0> return code = 0x10000                                 
end_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 71687168                             
md: write_disk_sb failed for device sdc                                      

3.2 Àå¾ÖÀÇ °¨Áö¿Í º¹±¸

RAID¿¡¼­µµ ÀÌ»óÀ» °¨ÁöÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

RAID5 conf printout:                                                         
--- rd:3 wd:2 fd:1                                                          
disk 0, o:1, dev:sdb                                                        
disk 1, o:0, dev:sdc                                                        
disk 2, o:1, dev:sdd                                                        

RAID5 conf printout:                                                         
--- rd:3 wd:2 fd:1                                                          
disk 0, o:1, dev:sdb                                                        
disk 2, o:1, dev:sdd                                                        
¿¹ºñ µð½ºÅ©·Î ¼³Á¤ÇØ µÎ¾ú´ø sde°¡ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î sdb¸¦ ´ëüÇÑµÚ reconstructionÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

RAID5¿¡¼­´Â ´ç¿¬ÇÑ À̾߱âÁö¸¸ µð½ºÅ© Àå¾Ö¸¦ °¨ÁöÇÏ°í ÀÚµ¿ º¹±¸°¡ ¼öÇàµÇ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡µµ arrayÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ´Â ¾Æ¹«·± ÀÌ»ó¾øÀÌ ¾×¼¼½º°¡ °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

RAID5 conf printout:
--- rd:3 wd:2 fd:1
disk 0, o:1, dev:sdb
disk 1, o:1, dev:sde
disk 2, o:1, dev:sdd                                                        

md: syncing RAID array md0                                                   
md: minimum _guaranteed_ reconstruction speed: 1000 KB/sec/disc.             
md: using maximum available idle IO bandwith (but not more than 200000 KB/sec) for reconstruction.
md: using 128k window, over a total of 35843584 blocks.

3.3 Àå¾Ö µð½ºÅ©ÀÇ Á¦°Å

raidhotremove ¸í·ÉÀ¸·Î °íÀå³­ ÀåÄ¡¸¦ array¿¡¼­ Á¦°ÅÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ ÀÛ¾÷Àº º¹±¸°¡ ¼öÇàµÇ´Â Áß¿¡µµ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

[root@csdove ~]# raidhotremove /dev/md0 /dev/sdc
md: trying to remove unknown-block(8,32) from md0 ...                        
md: unbind<sdc>                                                              
md: export_rdev(sdc)  

À§ ¸í·É ¼öÇàÈÄÀÇ /proc/mdstat ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

[root@csdove ~]# more /proc/mdstat 
Personalities : [raid5] 
md0 : active raid5 sde[1] sdd[2] sdb[0]
      71687168 blocks level 5, 128k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU]
      
unused devices: <none>

3.4 »õ µð½ºÅ©ÀÇ ÀåÂø

°íÀå³­ µð½ºÅ©¸¦ ±³Ã¼ÇÏ¿© ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ºÎÂøÇÏ¸é ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ À̸¦ °¨ÁöÇÏ°í ¸Þ¼¼Áö¸¦ Ãâ·ÂÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

scsi0: Someone reset channel A
scsi0: Someone reset channel A
scsi0: Someone reset channel A
scsi0: Someone reset channel A
scsi0: Someone reset channel A

raidhotadd ¸í·ÉÀ¸·Î »õÀåÄ¡¸¦ array¿¡ Ãß°¡ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

[root@csdove ~]# raidhotadd /dev/md0 /dev/sdc
md: trying to hot-add unknown-block(8,32) to md0 ...
md: bind<sdc>

RAID5 conf printout:                                                         
--- rd:3 wd:3 fd:0                                                          
disk 0, o:1, dev:sdb                                                        
disk 1, o:1, dev:sde                                                        
disk 2, o:1, dev:sdd                                                        

3.5 º¹±¸ °úÁ¤ÁßÀÇ /proc/mdstat ³»¿ë

Àå¾Ö°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ µð½ºÅ© sdc°¡ (F) - Fail ·Î Ç¥½ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç º¹±¸ÀÇ ÁøÇà»óȲµµ ¾Ë¾Æº¼ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

[root@csdove ~]# more /proc/mdstat 
Personalities : [raid5] 
md0 : active raid5 sde[3] sdd[2] sdc[4](F) sdb[0]
      71687168 blocks level 5, 128k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/2] [U_U]
      [========>............]  recovery = 44.8% (16076544/35843584) finish=14.2m
in speed=23114K/sec
unused devices: <none>

[root@csdove ~]# more /proc/mdstat 
Personalities : [raid5] 
md0 : active raid5 sde[3] sdd[2] sdc[4](F) sdb[0]
      71687168 blocks level 5, 128k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/2] [U_U]
      [============>........]  recovery = 60.3% (21639168/35843584) finish=10.0m
in speed=23552K/sec
unused devices: <none>

[root@csdove ~]# more /proc/mdstat 
Personalities : [raid5] 
md0 : active raid5 sde[3] sdd[2] sdc[4](F) sdb[0]
      71687168 blocks level 5, 128k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/2] [U_U]
      [===================>.]  recovery = 99.9% (35824896/35843584) finish=0.0mi
n speed=23019K/sec
unused devices: <none>

3.6 º¹±¸ ¿Ï·á

º¹±¸°¡ ¿Ï·áµÈ RAIDÀåÄ¡ÀÇ »óŸ¦ È®ÀÎÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

RAID¸¦ ±¸¼ºÇÏ´Â µð½ºÅ©ÀÇ ¼ø¼­°¡ ¹Ù²î¾úÀ½À» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

[root@csdove ~]# more /proc/mdstat 
Personalities : [raid5] 
md0 : active raid5 sdc[3] sde[1] sdd[2] sdb[0]
      71687168 blocks level 5, 128k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU]
      
unused devices: <none>

4. °¨»çÀÇ ±Û

ÀÌ ¹®¼­¸¦ ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ µµ¿òÀ» ÁֽŠºÐµéÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

  • ±èÁ¾º¹ Á¶±³´Ô - RAID¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â IBM x240 ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ¿© Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù.
  • Mycluster´Ô - º» Å×½ºÆ®¸¦ ÇÏ°Ô²û ¿µ°¨À» Áּ̽À´Ï´Ù. ;-)

ÀÌ ¹®¼­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °³¼±»çÇ×À̳ª ¹®ÀÇÁ¡À» ÀúÀÚ¿¡°Ô º¸³»Áֽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.


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