· KLDP.org · KLDP.net · KLDP Wiki · KLDP BBS ·
Linuxdoc Sgml/IP-Alias

¸®´ª½º ¿¡¼­ IP Aliasing ¼¼ÆÃÇϱâ mini HOWTO

¸®´ª½º ¿¡¼­ IP Aliasing ¼¼ÆÃÇϱâ mini HOWTO

Harish Pillay, < h.pillay@ieee.org>

0.?, 1997³â 1¿ù 13ÀÏ
À̱ÛÀº ¸®´ª½º¹Ú½º¿¡¼­ IP aliasingÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô ¼³Á¤ÇÏ°í ½ÇÇàÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Âü°í·Î, Alias µÈ IP·Î E-mailÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ¼³Á¤À» ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ µé¾îÀÖ´Ù. Primary site: http://home.pacific.net.sg/~harish/linuxipalias.html

1. ³ªÀÇ È¯°æ

  • ¸®´ª½º Ä¿³Î 2.0.27 (from ftp.funet.fi:/pub/Linux/kernel/src/v2.0)
  • IP Alias´Â ·ÎµåÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµâ·Î ÄÄÆÄÀϵǾú´Ù. ´ç½ÅÀÌ IP Masq¸¦ ¸ðµâ·Î ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù¸é, Ä¿³Î ÄÄÆÄÀϽà "make config"·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Modules HOWTO¸¦ Àо°Å³ª, /usr/src/linux/Documentation/modules.txt¿¡¼­ È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
  • ³ª´Â µÎ°³ÀÇ IP¸¦ ´õ ¾µ °ÍÀÌ°í ÀÌ µÎ°³´Â ÀÌ¹Ì ³ª¿¡°Ô ºÎ¿©µÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
  • D-Link DE620 Æ÷Ĺ ¾Æ´äŸ(¾î¶² ¸®´ª½º ¾Æ´äŸ¸¦ ¾²´øÁö Áß¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù.)

2. ¸í·É ¹× °á°ú

ù°·Î IP Alias ¸ðµâÀ» ¶ç¿ö¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. (¹Ì¸® ¸ðµâÀ» Ä¿³Î·Î ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ÇßÀ¸¸é, ÀÌ ´Ü°è¸¦ ¶Ù¾î³Ñ¾îµµ µÈ´Ù.)

     /sbin/insmod /lib/modules/`uname -r`/ipv4/ip_alias.o

µÎ¹ø°, ·çÇÁ¹éÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÑÈÄ eth0°ú ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ IP³Ñ¹öµéÀº eth0 ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ À§Çؼ­ ÁÖ IP³Ñ¹ö·Î ½ÃÀ۵Ǿî¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

     /sbin/ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1
     /sbin/ifconfig eth0 up
     /sbin/ifconfig eth0 172.16.3.1
     /sbin/ifconfig eth0:0 172.16.3.10
     /sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 172.16.3.100

172.16.3.1 Àº ÁÖIP³Ñ¹öÀÌ°í .10°ú .100Àº AliasµÈ IP³Ñ¹öÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¾ÆÀÌÇÇ ³Ñ¹ö¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ eth0:x¿¡ 0,1,2...nÀ» ´ëÀÔÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. ÁÖ IP ³Ñ¹ö´Â ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½ºµÉ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø´Ù.

¼Â°·Î ¶ó¿ìÆ® Á¤º¸¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ·çÇÁ¹éÀ» ù°·Î ¶ó¿ìÆ®½ÃÅ°°í net À» ±× ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î ±×¸®°í ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î ±âº» ¾ÆÀÌÇÇ(¿ø·¡ ¹è´ç¹Þ¾Ò´ø)·Î ½ÃÀ۵Ǵ ¾ÆÀÌÇÇ ³Ñ¹öµéÀ» ¼Â¾÷ÇÑ´Ù.

     /sbin/route add -net 127.0.0.0
     /sbin/route add -net 172.16.3.0 dev eth0
     /sbin/route add -host 172.16.3.1 dev eth0
     /sbin/route add -host 172.16.3.10 dev eth0:0
     /sbin/route add -host 172.16.3.100 dev eth0:1
     /sbin/route add default gw 172.16.3.200

ÀÌ°Ô ´ÙÀÌ´Ù.

À§ÀÇ ¿¹¿¡¼­ µç ¾ÆÀÌÇdzѹö´Â Private IP³Ñ¹ö(RFC 1918)¸¦ ½ÇÁ¦Àû ¿¹°¡ µÇ´Â ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇß´Ù. ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇÀÇ ½ÇÁ¦ ¾ÆÀÌÇdzѹö¸¦ ÀÌ°ÍÀ̶û ´ëüÇؼ­ ½á¶ó.

3°³ÀÇ ¾ÆÀÌÇÇ ³Ñ¹ö¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ ¿¹¸¦ µé¾ú´Ù. ÃÖ´ëÄ¡´Â 256À¸·Î /usr/include/linux/net_alias.h¿¡ Á¤ÀǵǾîÀÖ´Ù. »ç½Ç ÇÑÄ«µå¿¡ 256°³ÀÇ IP³Ñ¹ö´Â ¸¹Àº °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

¿©±â¿¡ ³ªÀÇ /sbin/infconfigÀÌ º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â °á°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.

lo       Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Bcast:127.255.255.255  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP BROADCAST LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:3584  Metric:1
          RX packets:5088 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
          TX packets:5088 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0

eth0      Link encap:10Mbps Ethernet  HWaddr 00:8E:B8:83:19:20
          inet addr:172.16.3.1  Bcast:172.16.3.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:334036 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
          TX packets:11605 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
          Interrut:7 Base address:0x378

eth0:0    Link encap:10Mbps Ethernet  HWaddr 00:8E:B8:83:19:20
          inet addr:172.16.3.10  Bcast:172.16.3.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0

eth0:1    Link encap:10Mbps Ethernet  HWaddr 00:8E:B8:83:19:20
          inet addr:172.16.3.100  Bcast:172.16.3.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:1 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
          TX packets:0 rrors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0

±×¸®°í /proc/netaliase:

device           family address
eth0:0           2      172.16.3.10
eth0:1           2      172.16.3.100

¶Ç /proc/net/alias_types¿¡¼­ º¸¿©Áö´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

type    name            n_attach
2       ip              2

¹°·Ð, /proc/net¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÀÌ·±°ÍµéÀº ifconfig ¸í·É¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ¸¸µé¾îÁø °ÍÀÌÁö

³» ¼öÀÛ¾÷ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù!!

3. Áú¹®°ú ´äº¯

3.1 ºÎÆýÿ¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ȯ°æ¼³Á¤À» Áöų ¼ö Àִ°¡?

´ç½ÅÀÌ BSD½ºÅ¸ÀÏÀ̳ª SysV½ºÅ¸ÀÏ(¿¹:·¹µåÇÞ)ÀÇ initÀ» ¾²´ø ´ç½ÅÀº /etc/rc.d/rc.local¿¡ ±×°ÍÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¾Æ·¡¿¡´Â ³»°¡ ¾²´Â SysV init ÀÌ´Ù.(·¹µåÇÞ 3.0.3 or 4.0)

³ªÀÇ /etc/rc.d/rc.local (edited to show the relevant portions)

#setting up IP alias interfaces
echo "Setting 172.16.3.1, 172.16.3.10, 172.16.3.100 IP Aliases ..."
/sbin/ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1
/sbin/ifconfig eth0 up
/sbin/ifconfig eth0 172.16.3.1
/sbin/fconfig eth0:0 172.16.3.10
/sbin/ifconigfeth0:1 172.16.3.100
#setting up the routes
echo "Setting IP routes ..."
/sbin/route add -net 127.0.0.0
/sbin/route add -net 172.16.3.0 dev eth0
/sbin/route add -host 172.16.3.1 eth0
/sbin/route add -host 172.16.3.10 eth0:0
/sbin/route add -host 172.16.3.100 eth0:1
/sbin/route add default gw 172.16.3.200

3.2 IP aliasedµÈ ¼­¹öÀÇ e-mail ¼Â¾÷

Áú¹®: ¾î¶»°Ô °¢¾ç°¢»öÀ¸·Î aliasµÈ ¾ÆÀÌÇÇ ³Ñ¹ö¿¡¼­ IP aliasedµÈ ¼­¹ö¸¦ e-mailÀ» ¹Þ°Ô ¼Â¾÷ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï±î?(sendmailÀ» ¾²´Â ¼­¹ö¿¡¼­)

/etc/mynames.cwÀÇ ¿¹¿¡¼­ º¸¿©Áö´Â°Í°ú °°Àº ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸¸µé¶ó(±×°ÍÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é) ±×°ÍÀº ÀÌ°Í°ú °°Àº À̸§ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°Å³ª /etcµð·ºÅ丮¿¡ ¾øÀ»¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. (¿ªÀÚÁÖ: ·¹µåÇò¿¡¼­´Â sendmail.cf ¿¡¼­ cw ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù°í Á¤ÀÇµÇ ÀÖ´Ù./etc/sendmail.cw ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.) ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼­ aliasµÈ ¾ÆÀÌÇdzѹöÀÇ µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓÀ» Àû´Â´Ù. ¸¸¾à ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½ºµÈ ¾ÆÀÌÇÇ°¡ µµ¸ÞÀγ×ÀÓÀ» ¾È°¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ»°æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¾ÆÀÌÇdzѹö ÀÚü¸¸À» ½áÁÙ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.


/etc/mynames.cw:
----------------
# /etc/mynames.cw - ´ç½ÅÀÇ ¼­¹ö¿¡´ëÇÑ ¸ðµç ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½º À̸§À» ¿©±â´Ù Àû´Â´Ù.
# Àº ÁÖ¼®ÀÌ´Ù.

domain.one.net
domain.two.com
domain.three.org
4.5.6.7

´ç½ÅÀÇ sendmial.cf È­ÀÏ¿¡¼­ ÆÄÀÏ Å¬·¡½º ¸ÅÅ©·Î Fw¸¦ Á¤ÀÇÇÏ´Â ºÎºÐ¿¡¼­ ´ÙÀ½À» Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù.


##################
#   local info   #
##################
.
.
# ¿ì¸®°¡ ÀÌ-¸ÞÀÏÀ» ¹Þ±âÀ§ÇÑ  È£½ºÆ® À̸§À» °¡Áö°íÀÖ´Â ÆÄÀÏ 
Fw/etc/mynames.cw
.
.
.

ÀÌ°ÍÀº ²À ÇغÁ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. »õ·Î¿î ¼³Á¤À» Å×½ºÆ®Çϱâ À§Çؼ­ Å×½ºÆ®¸ðµå·Î ¼¾µå¸ÞÀÏÀ» ½ÇÇàÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. (¿ªÀÚÁÖ: ¸» ±×µ¥·Î ²À Çغ¸±â ¹Ù¶õ´Ù. sendmail Àº ¸ÞÀÏÀ» ¹Þ°í º¸³»±â À§ÇÑ ¾ÆÁÖ Áß¿äÇÑ µ¥¸óÀÌ´Ù. ¾à°£ÀÇ ½Ç¼ö·Î ¸ÞÀÏÀ» ¸ø ¹Þ°Ô µÈ´Ù¸é?)

ganymede$ /usr/lib/sendmail -bt
ADDRESS TEST MODE (ruleset 3 NOT automatically invoked)
Enter < ruleset> < address>
> 0 me@4.5.6.7
rewrite: ruleset  0   input: me @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 7
rewrite: ruleset 98   input: me @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 7
rewrite: ruleset 98 returns: me @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 7
rewrite: ruleset 97   input: me @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 7
rewrite: ruleset  3   input: me @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 7
rewrite: ruleset 96   input: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 >
rewrite: ruleset 96 returns: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 . >
rewrite: ruleset  3 returns: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 . >
rewrite: ruleset  0   input: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 . >
rewrite: ruleset 98   input: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 . >
rewrite: ruleset 98 returns: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 . >
rewrite: ruleset  0 returns: $# local $: me
rewrite: ruleset 97 returns: $# local $: me
rewrite: ruleset  0 returns: $# local $: me
> 0 me@4.5.6.8
rewrite: ruleset  0   input: me @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8
rewrite: ruleset 98   input: me @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8
rewrite: ruleset 98 returns: me @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8
rewrite: ruleset 97   input: me @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8
rewrite: ruleset  3   input: me @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8
rewrite: ruleset 96   input: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 >
rewrite: ruleset 96 returns: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 >
rewrite: ruleset  3 returns: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 >
rewrite: ruleset  0   input: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 >
rewrite: ruleset 98   input: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 >
rewrite: ruleset 98 returns: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 >
rewrite: ruleset 95   input: < > me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 >
rewrite: ruleset 95 returns: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 >
rewrite: ruleset  0 returns: $# smtp $@ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 $: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 >
rewrite: ruleset 97 returns: $# smtp $@ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 $: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 >
rewrite: ruleset  0 returns: $# smtp $@ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 $: me < @ 4 . 5 . 6 . 8 >
>

³»°¡ me@4.5.6.7À» Å×½ºÆ®ÇßÀ»¶§¸¦ ÁÖÀÇÇؼ­º¸ÀÚ. ±×°ÍÀº me@4.5.6.8ÀÌ smtp mailer¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ÅëÁ¦°¡ ³¡³ª´Â µ¿¾È ·ÎÄ® ¸Ó½®¿¡ ¸ÞÀÏÀ» º¸³Â´Ù.

4. ´ç½ÅÀº ¸ðµç°É ³¡³Â´Ù.

¾Õ¼­ ¸»Çß´ø °ÍÀÌ À¯¿ëÇßÀ¸¸é ÁÁ°Ú´Ù. ÀÌ ¸®´ª½º¿Í ¾ÆÀÌÇÇ ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½Ì¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àϵ鿡 °ü¿©Çß´ø ¸ðµç À̵鿡°Ô °¨»çµå¸°´Ù.

¸¸¾à ´ç½ÅÀÌ ÀÌ ¹®¼­°¡ À¯¿ëÇϰųª Áú¹®, Á¦¾ÈÀ» ÇÒ°ÍÀÌ Àְųª °³¼±À» ÇؾßÇÒ Á¡À» ¹ß°ßÇϸé < h.pillay@ieee.org>·Î E-mail À» º¸³»´Þ¶ó.


ID
Password
Join
Like winter snow on summer lawn, time past is time gone.


sponsored by andamiro
sponsored by cdnetworks
sponsored by HP

Valid XHTML 1.0! Valid CSS! powered by MoniWiki
last modified 2003-08-10 11:52:30
Processing time 0.0029 sec